Media Defence Module

Introduction “National security” is a common justification offered by states for limiting freedom of expression by journalists, bloggers, and media organs.[1] It is a legitimate ground for restricting freedom of expression in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

Introduction The right to privacy and the concomitant requirement to protect personal information or data has garnered significant attention since the dawn of the information age.  While the internet and online information-sharing and data collection increase at an exponential rate,

Introducción Las acciones legales por difamación son un método ampliamente utilizado para sofocar la libertad de expresión, el disenso y la crítica, particularmente de los periodistas. Si bien las leyes sobre difamación tienen el objetivo legítimo de proporcionar a las

Introduction The use of meritless defamation proceedings is a notorious method of stifling freedom of expression and dissent, particularly of journalists. While defamation laws aim to provide individuals with a remedy for public statements that harm their reputation, they inevitably come

Introduction Defamation proceedings, subject to the intention with which they are launched, can either be a tool or a weapon. As a tool, it can enable legal redress on the basis of the infringement of rights, such as the right

Defamation is a notorious tactic used to suppress freedom of expression, notably affecting journalists. While defamation laws intend to safeguard individuals from public statements that could tarnish their reputation or dignity, they frequently clash with the right to free expression

Introducción La violencia contra los periodistas, debido al ejercicio de su trabajo como comunicadores, constituye un terrible mecanismo de intimidación, que tiene por fin procurar su silencio, violentando su integridad física y moral. Dentro del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos

Key Insights Introduction Online assaults targeting women journalists pose one of the gravest contemporary threats to their safety, gender equality, and media freedom. These attacks are often vicious, coordinated, highly sexualized, and malicious, particularly targeting women belonging to religious and

Introduction Violence against journalists and others for exercising their right to freedom of expression poses a particularly serious threat to the realisation of this right. Besides violating the rights of the targets, such violence may lead to journalists self-censoring, especially

Key Insights The objectives of this module are: Introduction In the current data-driven era, the right to privacy has gained increasing recognition as a fundamental right, both in itself and as an enabler of other rights. This includes enabling the

Key Insights Safeguarding the rights of journalists in the digital space, including protecting their communications and other sensitive data, has become an increasingly complex and relevant issue in the new information age. This module explores various measures by European states,

Key Insights In this new information age, the task of safeguarding personal information has gained dramatically in significance and complexity. As online data sharing and data collection continue to expand rapidly, law and policy makers play catch up with the