Freedom of expression
An overview of the multi-faceted right to freedom of expression and how it is protected under international law.
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Each theme contains useful resources for lawyers on freedom of expression, click below to get started.
Digital rights
Understanding digital rights is crucial to protecting human rights, as little of our lives today is immune from the forces of technology and the internet.
Restricting Internet access & online content
An overview of the ways in which access to the internet and online content are restricted around the world.
Defamation & reputation
An overview of freedom of expression issues in the law, including how defamation is treated in domestic and international law.
Privacy, security & data protection
An overview of the right to privacy, data protection, and protecting freedom of expression in a digital world.
Cybercrimes
Describes the different types of cybercrimes, tracks the trends, and evaluates how cybercrimes are dealt with in international law.
Hate speech
An overview of hate speech and how it is dealt with both under domestic and international law.
Censorship by private actors
An overview of the ways in which access to content and freedom of expression online are restricted by private actors.
False news, misinformation & propaganda
An overview of false news, misinformation and propaganda, including causes and potential solutions..
Litigating freedom of expression
An overview of the various rights and concepts which encompass digital rights.
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A chance to set a Europe-wide precedent on hyperlinking
Keeping the channels open: reflections on the importance of freedom of expression online
Maria Ressa: Award-Winning Journalist Facing 6 Years in Prison
Photojournalism: Factsheet
What is photojournalism? Photojournalism is defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary as “journalism in which written copy is subordinate to pictorial usually photographic presentation of news stories or in which a high proportion of pictorial presentation is used.” Photojournalism is a crucial aspect of modern reporting, and is becoming even more so in societies in which photography…
Module 8: ‘False news’, misinformation and propaganda (South and Southeast Asia Module Series)
While acknowledging the social ills may be occasioned by false news and misinformation, courts and international standards indicate that general provisions which criminalise false news and misinformation violate the right to freedom of expression. Part of the Modules on Litigating Freedom of Expression and Digital Rights in South and Southeast Asia.
Nkosi v Mazwai (2022)
The South Gauteng High Court of South Africa held that statements made online alleging sexual violence committed by a well-known DJ were defamatory.
Módulo 5: Difamación y reputación (serie de módulos sobre américa latina)
Las acciones legales por difamación se utilizan con frecuencia para callar injustamente el disenso y la crítica legítima. Sin embargo, pueden también representar un mecanismo válido para proteger la reputación de aquellos perjudicados por declaraciones de otros.
Chavunduka & Another v Minister of Home Affairs & Another (2000)
The Zimbabwe Supreme Court found that a law criminalising the publication of false statements was unconstitutional on the basis that in being too vague it exerted an unacceptable ‘chilling effect’ on freedom of expression.