{"id":981,"date":"2022-09-21T16:33:58","date_gmt":"2022-09-21T15:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mediadefence.org\/ereader\/?post_type=publication&p=981"},"modified":"2022-09-22T11:10:11","modified_gmt":"2022-09-22T10:10:11","slug":"introduction","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.mediadefence.org\/ereader\/publications\/modules-on-litigating-freedom-of-expression-and-digital-rights-in-south-and-southeast-asia\/module-8-false-news-misinformation-and-propaganda\/introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The phenomenon [footnote]For more on this topic see Media Defence \u201cTraining Manual on Digital Rights and Freedom of expression Online: Litigating digital rights and online freedom of expression in East, West and Southern Africa (accessible at: https:\/\/www.mediadefence.org\/resource-hub\/resources\/media-defence-training-manual-on-digital-rights-and-freedom-of-expression-online\/<\/a>). For further information see First Draft, \u2018Understanding and addressing the disinformation ecosystem\u2019 (2017) (accessible at: https:\/\/firstdraftnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/The-Disinformation-Ecosystem-20180207-v3.pdf?x17007<\/a>).[\/footnote] of false news and misinformation has increased exponentially in recent times with the advent of the internet and social media platforms.  While manipulating and distorting information is squarely part of the historical record, the weaponisation of information in the 21st<\/sup> century is occurring on an unprecedented scale, which requires urgent and effective responses.  This module focuses on \u2018false news\u2019, misinformation and propaganda, and provides guidance on media and information literacy (MIL) strategies and campaigns[footnote]Id<\/em> at page 70 (accessible at: https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000265552<\/a>).[\/footnote] which may assist with mitigating dis- and misinformation while ensuring that the right to freedom of expression is not violated.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The phenomenon [footnote]For more on this topic see Media Defence \u201cTraining Manual on Digital Rights and Freedom of expression Online: Litigating digital rights and online freedom of expression in East, West and Southern Africa (accessible at: https:\/\/www.mediadefence.org\/resource-hub\/resources\/media-defence-training-manual-on-digital-rights-and-freedom-of-expression-online\/). For further information see First Draft, \u2018Understanding and addressing the disinformation ecosystem\u2019 (2017) (accessible at: https:\/\/firstdraftnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/The-Disinformation-Ecosystem-20180207-v3.pdf?x17007).[\/footnote] of false news […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":980,"menu_order":145,"template":"page-templates\/chapter.php","publication-category":[],"class_list":["post-981","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIntroduction | eReader<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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